Fauna - Terrestrial

Discover Kenya's incredible terrestrial wildlife, from the legendary Big Five to endemic species. Our database features 400+ mammals, 1,100+ birds, and 200+ reptiles across savannahs, forests, and mountains.

Mammals - The Big Five & More

Large and small mammals including the Big Five and endemic species

African Elephant

Loxodonta africana

Population recovery success story: from ~16,000 (1989) to ~34,887 (2021). Largest land mammal, keystone species.

Mammalia Savannah Big Five

Vulnerable

Lion

Panthera leo

Population ~2,488 (2019). Apex predator facing threats from human-wildlife conflict and habitat loss.

Mammalia Savannah Big Five

Vulnerable

Leopard

Panthera pardus

Population ~3,000. Solitary big cat threatened by habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict.

Mammalia Forest Big Five

Vulnerable

Eastern Black Rhinoceros

Diceros bicornis michaeli

Population ~583 individuals. Critically endangered due to poaching for horns and illegal trade.

Mammalia Savannah Big Five

Critically Endangered

African Buffalo

Syncerus caffer

Population ~50,000. Robust population but faces potential threats from habitat loss and disease.

Mammalia Savannah Big Five

Least Concern

Hirola

Beatragus hunteri

Population <500 individuals. Endemic to Kenya, critically endangered antelope threatened by hunting and disease.

Mammalia Savannah Endemic

Critically Endangered

Grevy's Zebra

Equus grevyi

Population ~1,956 in Kenya and Ethiopia. Endangered since 1986 due to habitat degradation and hunting.

Mammalia Savannah

Endangered

Reticulated Giraffe

Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata

Population ~11,000 (56% decline over 30 years). Threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation.

Mammalia Savannah

Endangered

Birds - Endemic & Endangered

Resident and migratory bird species across various habitats

Taita Apalis

Apalis fuscigularis

Population <250 individuals. Found in three forest fragments in Taita Hills, critically endangered since 1994.

Aves Endemic

Critically Endangered

Martial Eagle

Polemaetus bellicosus

Endangered since 2020. Largest African eagle threatened by shooting, trapping, and poisoning by farmers.

Aves Savannah

Endangered

Sokoke Scops Owl

Otus ireneae

Population 2,500-10,000. Threatened by illegal wood collection, titanium mining, and climate change.

Aves Forest Endemic

Endangered

Sharpe's Longclaw

Macronyx sharpei

Population 6,000-15,000 (rapidly declining). Habitat primarily on privately-owned land.

Aves Grassland

Endangered

Reptiles & Amphibians

Snakes, lizards, and endemic species across diverse habitats

Ashe's Bush Viper

Atheris desaixi

Found on Mount Kenya and northern Nyambeni range. Threatened by exotic pet trade and habitat loss.

Reptilia Endemic

Endangered

Kenya Forest Gecko

Ancylodactylus spp.

Three endangered gecko species: Kenya, Kitui, and Chyulu Hills pygmy forest geckos. Threatened by deforestation.

Reptilia Endemic

Endangered

Terrestrial Fauna Database Statistics

Real-time data from our comprehensive wildlife database

400+

Mammal Species

1,100+

Bird Species

200+

Reptile Species

100+

Amphibian Species

25,000+

Insect Species

5

Big Five

15

Critically Endangered

25

Endangered Species

45

Endemic Species

8

Conservation Success Stories

Data Loading

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